Erna S. was born in Przasnysz, Poland on February 15, 1923. She describes her family and their strong religious faith. She describes the Jewish community and changes after 1933. She discusses the destruction of her family’s business and fleeing to Białystok. She describes being sent to a Soviet labour camp and the conditions. Erna recalls her family moving to Arkhangel’sk after the German invasion ...

Gold wedding band, likely 9 karat, with two illegible hallmarks on inside of band. Patina all over and thinning of metal in spots.

Na bijna 40 jaar gezwegen te hebben, kan Max de verborgen details van zijn leven niet langer verborgen houden. Het is een aangrijpend relaas over angst, onmacht, bedrog en misbruik geworden. Tegelijkertijd toont dit waargebeurde verhaal de ongelooflijke kracht van een kind om te overleven. Het joodse jongetje Max is nog geen 6 jaar oud als hij op een zonnige dag in augustus 1942 door zijn ouders uit ...

Item is a photographic print depicting Sarah Rozenberg-Warm in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

"Arie Van Mansum was born and brought up in the Netherlands, one of four children in a devout Christian family. He had just celebrated his twentieth birthday in 1940 when Hitler's armies conquered his country in a five day blitzkrieg. It was not long before Arie became part of the Dutch underground, distributing the illegal newspaper Free Netherlands . When the Nazi authorities began deporting Dutch ...

Item is a postcard sent to Fam. I. Stein. in Naarden from J. van Dam in Rotterdam. The postcard was typewritten on a typewriter in black ink on off-white paper.

Bella K. was born in 1909 in Amsterdam. She recalls her memories of the First World War. She explains the history of Jews in Amsterdam and describes the community. She describes her participation in a socialist youth organization. She describes antisemitism before the war and the rise of the National Socialist Movement [Nationaal Socialistische Beweging] in Holland. She married and had children. She ...

100-cent coupon from Westerbork transit camp. Rectangular note printed with green and brown ink on white paper. Recto has denomination printed in upper left and lower right corners with image of the camp in centre. Verso has image of camp through a gear wheel with issue date, conditions of use and signature at bottom.

Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl has become a classic since its initial publication in 1946. Anne Frank kept a diary for two years while in hiding in Holland during WWII. It records the thoughts and expressions of a young girl living under extraordinary conditions, whose life ended tragically at Bergen-Belsen concentration camp at age 15. This classroom book set includes 30 copies of Anne Frank ...

Outside the Attic Walls complements the study of Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl and features reproductions of artefacts such as a Jewish star sewn onto a coat, a child's toy, identity cards, ration coupons and photographs belonging to child survivors of the Holocaust who, like Anne Frank, were hidden in the Netherlands.

Item is an illustrated publicity postcard for the anti-Jewish exhibition Der Ewige Jude (The Eternal Jew) held in Munich, Germany. Postcard date-stamped on verso.

Item is a German passport with red “J” on the first page, issued to Rosita “Sara” Meier and her two children, Inge and Kurt, at Hamburg on April 29, 1935. Border control stamps show that Meier visited Czechoslovakia in 1935 and 1937 and Switzerland in 1936. She obtained a visa and immigrant quota number from the American consul in Hamburg and in April, 1939, travelled to the United States via Amsterdam-Schiphol. ...

Item is a dictated letter from Kasimierz [?] Gulembinowski in the Mauthausen main camp to an unknown recipient, dated March 10, 1941.

Item is a postcard from Annie Langer at Theresienstadt to Hedwig Kafka in Prague with a stamped reminder that all such cards must be written in German and that reply cards should be given to the Jewish Elder of Prague. Dated 19 Aug 194-.

Item is a photograph depicting Orthodox Jews crossing Weesperstraat bridge over Nieuwe Achtergracht [canal], Amsterdam, Holland, in 1941.

Silver circular medal in rectangular wooden case lined with blue fabric. On obverse, two hands clutching a rescue line of barbed wire circling a globe. Text inscribed around globe. On reverse, image of the Hall of Remembrance at Yad Vashem with text inscribed below.

Louise S. was born in Rotterdam, Netherlands in 1929. She recalls her large extended family. She describes her family moving to Amsterdam in 1942 due to raids and increased anti-Jewish restrictions. She recalls hiding during raids and her parents hiding their valuables. Louise describes being placed in hiding with a non-Jewish relative in Hilversum. She recalls being transferred to a different location ...

Peter V. was born September 23, 1940 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. He describes his family. He explains that his mother was Orthodox Jewish and that his father was agnostic born to a Catholic home. He explains how his father was arrested in 1942 and imprisoned in Berlin. He recalls how his mother would remove her yellow star. He recalls that they entered a playground together and were asked to leave by ...

"Here are my recollections and childhood fragments filled in by others, then my own, filled in by me. I am not sure that this is a memoir or a collection of memories, hence the title Memoiries ." —Robert Krell, Child Holocaust Survivor, Prologue

Part One (18 August 2011): Robert K. was born in the The Hague, Holland on August 5, 1940. He describes his family and how they came to live in the Netherlands. He recalls how his parents came from religious families. He recalls his family keeping Jewish traditions, but they were not that religious. He describes increasing antisemitism and reasons why his family decided to stay in Holland. He recalls ...