(Munich 673) War Crimes Trials - Subsequent Trial Proceedings, Case 9 (Einsatzgruppen Case). Chief of the OCCWC, Telford Taylor, sums up the prosecution's case against former members of Einsatzgruppen. Presiding Judge Michael Musmanno instructs defense counsel that they may reply to the summation. Recess called. Ohlendorf, as the number one defendant, reads his final plea into the record seeking to justify his behavior. Bureaucratic language. At the end, brings in God, human error, split between East and West. 08:06:40 to 08:11:36

17:42:38 War Crimes Trials, Tokyo, Japan, January 14, 1948. MS, Mrs. Yasuko Konoye is sworn in. After asking Mrs. Konoye to identify herself, British prosecutor Mr. Comyns-Carr reads the witness's statement. Brooks and Logan makes objections to the document being presented. 17:47:14 (Munich 673) War Crimes Trials - Subsequent Trial Proceedings, Case 9 (Einsatzgruppen Case), Nuremberg, Germany, February 13, 1948. Brig. Gen. Telford Taylor reading his summation. (Very pale image; very brief. No views of defendants)

Met lit. opg., index. XV, 336 p. : ill. ; 24 cm

The excerpts refer to the mass murder of Jews in the Nazi-occupied territories of the USSR, including the Baltic republics, the Polish areas occupied by Soviet troops in 1939, and Bukovina and Bessarabia, partially under Romanian military rule. Contains, also, information on Jewish partisans and on the participation of the local police and authorities in the annihilation of the Jewish populations. The Einsatzgruppen reports were discovered by the U.S. Army in the Gestapo headquarters in Berlin after the war, and used in the Einsatzgruppen Trial (1947-48) at Nuremberg. Includes index. xvi, 378 pages, 2 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations ; 23 cm

War Crimes Trials - Subsequent Trial Proceedings, Case 9 (Einsatzgruppen Case), Nuremberg, Germany, October 15, 1947. Ohlendorf testifying about the number of persons his Einsatzgruppe D killed. Cross examined by US prosecutor James Heath. Musmanno rules that Ohlendorf's testimony from the International Military Tribunal regarding the number 90,000 victims stands.

Archief 268: American Military Tribunals (Neurenberg) Omschrijving der cases Einsatzgruppen (A t/m D) (moordcommando's in Baltische Staten en Rusland, Ohlendorf c.s.)

Archief 268: American Military Tribunals (Neurenberg) Omschrijving der cases Einsatzgruppen (A t/m D) (moordcommando's in Baltische Staten en Rusland, Ohlendorf c.s.)

(Munich 638) War Crimes Trials - Subsequent Trial Proceedings, Case 9 (Einsatzgruppen Case), Nuremberg, Germany. Judge Michael A. Musmanno explains that defendants Otto Rasch and Eduard Strauch were arraigned separately due to illness that prevented them from being in court on September 15. Benjamin Ferencz, the Chief Prosecutor for the US, reads to the court the crimes for which the defendants are charged. HAS of defendants. US prosecutor John Glancy details the specific crimes of the defendants and provides examples from prosecution evidence. Shot of Brig. Gen. Telford Taylor. Glancy talks about defendant Eduard Strauch, Commander of Einsatzkommando 2, and the number of murders they committed.

13:46 Court proceedings begin. President Cerdini asks for the accused to be introduced. 13:58 Examination of Barbie's activities with the Einsatzkommandos - a cluster of mobile killing units - in Amsterdam, Gex and Lyon.

07:19:44 No date. MS, defendants in prisoner's dock. Last statements in case. Unknown attorney speaking about admitting film footage captured at Krupp Works and brought back to Germany from England by Bernard Fall, a member of the prosecution, into evidence. This is NOT the Einsatzgruppen trial. 07:21:47 (Munich 673) War Crimes Trials, Case 9 (Einsatzgruppen Case), 14 February 1948. MS dock and defendants talking. Shot of Ohlendorf. LS, Tribunal. CU, Judge Michael A. Musmanno addressing the court about the procedure of presenting evidence and closing arguments. Brig. Gen. Telford Taylor, Head of the Office of Chief of Counsel, summing up the prosecution's case against former members of the Einsatzgruppen. General Taylor's summation contains a resume of the murder program of the Einsatzgruppen which was to murder all Jews, Roma, government and party officials. According to the defendants, the killing of the Jews and Jewish children was a proper part of warfare.

02:00:40 (Munich 627) Congressional Inspection of DP Camp #581, Eschwege, Germany, September 8, 1947 (silent). Congressman Frank L. Chelf (Kentucky), consultant to Congressman Walter M. Besterman, and others tour the DP camps. DPs assembled to guide the Congressmen around the camp. 02:02:52 (Munich 628) Arraignment of Defendants, War Crimes Trials - Subsequent Trial Proceedings, Case 9 (Einsatzgruppen Case), Nuremberg, Germany, September 14, 1947. Continuation of defendants pleading "not guilty" to the indictment. Judge Musmanno recessing the court. NOTE: Defendants called as follows: Lothar Fendler, Waldemar von Radetzky, Felix Ruehl, Heinz Schubert, and Mathias Graf. Also listed as defendants are: Emil Haussman and Waldemar Klingelhoefer. (Emil Haussman hung himself before the trial.)

Consultation is available in the reading room

(Munich 638) War Crimes Trials - Subsequent Trial Proceedings, Case 9 (Einsatzgruppen Case), Nuremberg, Germany. Judge Michael A. Musmanno explains that defendants Otto Rasch and Eduard Strauch were arraigned separately due to illness that prevented them from being in court on September 15. Benjamin Ferencz, the Chief Prosecutor for the US, reads to the court the crimes for which the defendants are charged. HAS of defendants. Ferencz: "Genocide - the extermination of whole categories of human beings - was the foremost instrument of the Nazi doctrine." 01:03:33 Chief Prosecutor Benjamin Ferencz We shall establish, beyond the realm of doubt, facts which before the dark decade of the Third Reich would have seemed incredible. The slaughter committed by these defendants was dictated not by military necessity, but by that supreme perversion of thought, the Nazi theory of the master race. We shall show that these deeds of men in uniform were the methodical execution of long range plans to destroy ethnic, national, political, and religious groups which stood condemned in the Nazi mind. Genocide, the extermination of whole categories of human beings, was a foremost instrument of the Nazi doctrine. US prosecutor John Glancy details the specific crimes of the defendants and provides examples from prosecution evidence. Shot of Brig. Gen. Telford Taylor. Glancy talks about defendant Eduard Strauch, Commander of Einsatzkommando 2, and the number of murders they committed.

(Munich 638) War Crimes Trials - Subsequent Trial Proceedings, Case 9 (Einsatzgruppen Case). US assistant prosecutor John Glancy reading prosecution's opening statement and discussing the evidence against the four units of the Einsatzgruppen. He specifically addresses the crimes of Adolf Ott (Commander of Sonderkommando 7b of Einsatzgruppe B), Waldemar Klingelhoefer (Leader of Vorkommando Moscow of Einsatzgruppe B), and Franz Six (Leader of Vorkommando Moscow of Einsatzgruppe B). Einsatzgruppe C killed 80,000 people. Glancy specifically refers to the crimes of Erwin Schulz (Leader of Einsatzkommando 5) and Ernst Biberstein (Leader of Einsatzkommando 6) both sub-Kommandos of Einsatzgruppe C. Einsatzgruppe D, lead by defendant Otto Ohlendorf, was responsible for the murder of 90,000 people. Willy Seibert, Gustav Nosske, Felix Ruehl, and Heinz Schubert are all implicated in the crimes. Evidence indicates that on average 340 people - including Jews, Roma, Asiatics, and undesirables - were killed per day by Einsatzgruppe D. 07:06:20 Chief prosecutor Benjamin Ferencz reads from the indictment. He defines the charges of war crimes (Count 1) and crimes against humanity (Count 2). He makes a distinction between the two, indicating that crimes against humanity can be committed outside of war, against civilians, and can happen at any time and any place. 07:09:45 During the reading of evidence by Ferencz, defendant Ernst Biberstein's attorney Dr. Berger objects to the submission of evidence. Ferencz resumes entering evidence, reading document No. 3824 against Paul Blobel into the record. Paul Blobel's attorney objects against Blobel's affidavit. He wants the interrogator Ralph Wartenberg to be made available for cross-examination. Presiding Judge Michael Musmanno speaks briefly. HS, tribunal comprising Musmanno, John J. Speight, and Richard D. Dixon. Ferencz continues with the submission of evidence.

02:30:00 (Munich 680) Sig Corps 85th Anniversary, Hanau Sig Depot, Germany, March 3, 1948. MCU, Maj. Gen. Jerry V. Matejka saluting soldiers to be decorated and advancing to award the Italian War Cross. (The men decorated are Maj. Aldo R. Rossi, Capt. Wayne A. Meyers, and M/Sgt. Paul M. Daugherty). VS, black Army band playing as it marches in review, followed by 22nd HQ detachment, 218th, 192nd, and 69th Sig. Companies. (The men marching carry slung rifles.) MS, Sgt. and soldiers in the ranks listening to he general's talk. 02:34:47 (Munich 674) War Crimes Trials - Subsequent Trial Proceedings, Case 9 (Einsatzgruppen Case), Nuremberg, Germany, February 11, 1948. Close shot from rear of dock as defendants file in to seats, Ohlendorf last, sits, pan to African American soldiers guarding them 02:35:27. 02:35:42 Judges entering the courtroom. 02:36:19 (Munich 675) Allied Coucil Meeting, Berlin, Germany, February 11, 1948. Pan, Soviet delegation at table (left to right): Major Kudravitziw, Mr. Maximov, Counselor A. Kadiev, Gen. Dratvin, Marshal Sokolovski, Minister Semenov, Counselor Gribanov, and Lt. Col. Kostenko. LS, French delegation: Mr. Joss, Lt. Col. Glain, Lt. Col. Villeplee, Gen. Dromard, Gen. Koenig, Ambassador Tarbe de St. Harduin, Minister Seydoux, Mr. Neurohr. LS, British delegation: Mr. Raw, Sir Eric Coates, Gen. Brownjoh, Gen. Robertson, Mr. Christian Steel, Sir Cecil Weir, Mr. Bedingfield, Mr. Coghill. CU, Gen. Sir Brian Robertson. LS, American delegation: Gen. Lucius D. Clay, Mr. King, Capt. Beukema, Lt. Col. Gerhardt, Mr. Riddleberger, Gen. Hays, Mr. Oulashin, Mr. Ancruma.

War Crimes Trials - Subsequent Trial Proceedings, Case 9 (Einsatzgruppen Case), Nuremberg, Germany, October 15, 1947. Ohlendorf, in suit and tie, wearing earphones, testifies about the number of persons his Einsatzgruppe D killed. Curtained windows behind him. Camera remains on Ohlendorf as he is cross examined by US prosecutor James Heath. 17:02:10 - 17:02:28 side view of Heath. Camera continues on Ohlendorf. 17:03:53 View of Heath & pan to Ohlendorf. 17:04:45 Close view of Ohlendorf in witness box. Musmanno (voice from off camera) 17:06:26 Musmanno and judges on bench. Musmanno rules that Ohlendorf's testimony from the International Military Tribunal regarding the number 90,000 victims stands.

(Munich 343) War Crimes Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, August 10, 1946. MS, Brig. Gen. Telford Taylor questioning former Field Marshal von Manstein about the Commissar Order.

01:14:31 (Munich 339) War Crimes Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, August 10, 1946. Unidentified German officer is interrogated by Chief Justice Geoffrey Lawrence (latter is not seen). 01:16:13 (Munich 343) War Crimes Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, no date. Former Field Marshal von Manstein is cross-examined by US prosecutor Brig. Gen. Telford Taylor. Von Manstein is specifically questioned about the Einsatzgruppen in his area of operation, he testifies that he was not directly concerned with them and did not know what they were doing.

Emil Knebel was a cinematographer known for Andante (2010), Adam (1973), and Wild Is My Love (1963). He was one of the cameramen who recorded daily coverage of the Eichmann trial in Jerusalem (produced by Capital Cities Broadcasting Corp and later held academic positions in Israel and New York teaching filmmaking at universities. Refer to CV in file.

Consists of the booklets issued for Nuremberg Military Tribunals no. 7 (the "Hostages Trial", or "The United States vs. Wilhelm List, et. al.") and Military Tribunal no. 9 (the "Einsatzgruppen Trial" or "The United States vs. Otto Ohlendorf, et. al"). The booklets list the defendants and the charges against them. These documents were originally the properly of Michale Hauptman (Michael Wakefield), who received them from his father, Kurt Hauptman.

(Paris 487) War Crimes Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, January 3, 1946. Rear view of US Col. Amen cross examining Otto Ohlendorf. Ohlendorf talks about the type of command structure and "task sharing during operations" between the Einsatzgruppen and the Army Command (Security Police - Army Command - Einsatzgruppenkommando). The Army command could give orders in specific situations, there was a liaison officer between the Einsatzgruppen and the Army Command. He is then asked about his own role. Ohlendorf sais he was Head of the Einsatzgruppe D and Assistant (Adjutant) of the Head of the Security Police and SD for the 11th Army from June 1941 until the death of Heydrich in June 1942. He then talks about area and objectives of operations of Einsatzgruppe D. In particular, he is questioned about the operation of "vans" (presumably gas vans). Talks about some details of executions.

These subsequent proceedings were instigated as a result of the promulgation of the Allied Control Council's 'Law No. 10' on 20 December 1945. This law empowered the commanding officers of the four zones of occupation to conduct criminal trials on charges of aggression, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and membership in an organization aiming at such crimes. There were 12 trials, held between December 1946 and April 1949. 177 people were tried, including representatives of the leadership of the Reich ministries, the Wehrmacht, industrial concerns, the legal and medical establishments. The cases were as follows: 1) Medical Case; 2) Milch Case; 3) Justice Case; 4) Pohl Case 5) Flick Case; 6) IG Farben Case; 7) Hostage Case; 8) RuSHA Case; 9) Einsatzgruppen Case; 10) Krupp Case; 11) Ministries Case; 12) High Command Case